Research to effectively figure out the characteristics of dog health problems as a result of inherited disease and congenital disease can be a long process. Below are some instances of common diseases that we know for the most part are hereditary, while others are still in research.
Quite often, specific breeds are predisposed to dog health problems but direct inheritance cannot be demonstrated. For example, some breeds of dogs are more prone to have tumors than others. Generally speaking, in the dog, tumor predisposition is a matter of familial or breed tendency.
Cryptorchidism
This is the incomplete descent of the testicles, and is one dog health issue that has been frequently discussed. A number of causes have been proposed. Dominant inheritance was accepted for a period of time, but today the right theory is that it is a simple recessive characteristic. It has been suggested to be sex-linked, but this is very doubtful.
The American Kennel Club dog show regulations state that testicles must be normally descended. Therefore, it is immoral for a veterinarian to do surgery or give medications that can cause a testicle to descend when this is a significant dog health problem for a potential show dog.
Also, correcting the physical defect will not alter the genetic structure of the dog and the defect will be passed on if the dog is bred. If the testicles do not descend as they should, they are kept at a high body temperature which in turn has been related to increased dog health issues, leading to testicular tumors. Additionally, an abnormally retained testicle may well lead to bowel strangulation.
Umbilical Hernia
Umbilical hernia is a very common dog health issue in some breeds. The Pekingese, for example, has terrible issues with this condition. The disease is extremely difficult to breed out as it is a recessive characteristic and entails multiple genes. Thus, it will not be eliminated with a few test breedings.
Disfigurement is the major objection with this dog health problem. Bowel strangulation leading to death is rare. Since this disease is clinically innocent, perhaps it will should be allowed in those breeds showing a high incidence.
Dermoid Inclusion Cysts
Dermoid inclusion cysts are a common dog health problem in the small of the back of Rhodesian Ridgebacks. This breed has an irregular development of the hairline that leads to cyst formation. If Rhodesian Ridgebacks are going to be bred, these cysts cannot be avoided.
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